Accelerators for The Environment
Accelerators now play a role in environmental protection by aiding in pollution control, waste management, and the development of materials for environmental cleanup. They are used in radiation treatment of wastewater and the breakdown of hazardous substances in flue gas.
Environmental Applications:
Thermal Power Plant Cleaners
Flue Gas treatment systems use an electron accelerator to neutralize SO2 and NOx in industrial emissions from coal. This technology converts them into useful byproducts like ammonium sulphate and nitrate which are high-quality fertilizers.
Electron Beam Irradiation for VOC and PAH Removal
Electron beam irradiation effectively removes volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from waste incinerators. The high-energy electrons break down these pollutants, converting them into less harmful substances.
Electron Beam Irradiation for Water Treatment
Electron beams can be used to treat wastewater by breaking down biological pathogens, pharmaceuticals, and other harmful chemicals. High-energy electrons disrupt molecular structures to decompose contaminants.
Portable Accelerators
Portable accelerators are being developed for environmental cleanup in remote areas. As is the case above, by-products from this process are useful fertilizers.
Energy-Saving Heating Processes
Accelerators and RF/microwave technologies reduce energy use by offering efficient heating in processes that traditionally required resistive heating.
Books
Nanomaterials for the Detection and Removal of Wastewater Pollutants – Barbara Bonelli
Articles
Flue gas cleaning in power stations by using electron beam technology – M.S. Callén
Biochar for the Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Aquatic Systems: A Review
Economics of Wastewater/Biosolids Treatment by Electron Beam Technology – D. Meeroff
Presentations
Workshop on Energy and Environmental Applications of Accelerators, U.S. DOE
Accelerating Environmental Cleanup, Jefferson Lab
Podcasts/Videos
Emerging technologies: Particle accelerator R&D, U.S. DOE
Particle Accelerators: Current and Future Applications, Fermilab
Additional Resources
IAEA: Understanding the Environment and Addressing Pollution Using Accelerators
Symmetry Magazine: Concrete applications for accelerator science
Symmetry Magazine: How to do particle physics in a climate emergency
Department of Energy: Broader Benefits of Accelerators
Spectra: Particle accelerators that clean power plants – and a lot more